The Position of the Komi-Yaz'va Idiom in the Komi Languages Based on Phonetic, Lexical, and Morphological Features: Evidence from the LingvoDoc Platform

The present article is devoted to determining the place of the Komi-Yaz'va idiom in the Komi dialect continuum. To this end, 8 dictionaries were analyzed using the programs of the linguistic platform LingvoDoc (search for cognates of languages / dialects, analysis of cognates of languages / dialects, glottochronology of languages / dialects, degree of morphological closeness between dialects / languages, and composite distance between languages). The dictionaries analyzed were Komi-Yaz'va, Upper Kama, Upper Sysola, Mysovsky and Kudymkarsky dialects. The comparative analysis of these dictionaries revealed that, in terms of phonetic, lexical, and morphological features, the Komi-Yaz'va idiom is significantly divergent from other Komi dialects. The degree of similarity with these dialects ranges from 86 to 88%, indicating that the Komi-Yaz'va is now considered a distinct language that has retained Proto-Komi language’s features.

1. R. V. Gaydamashko, Yu. A. Shkuratok, “Modern state of the Komi-Yaz’va language”, Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies, no. 4, pp. 576–590, 2019.

2. R. Bartens, “Permiläisten kielten rakenne ja kehitys”, Helsinki, 2000.

3. A. Genetz, “Ost-permische Sprachstudien”. Helsingfors, 1897.

4. M. Kövesi, “A permi nyelvek ősi képzői”, Budapest, 1965.

5. V. I. Lytkin, “The Komi-Yaz'va dialect”, Moscow, 1961.

6. Fundamentals of Finno-Ugric linguistics: Mari, Perm and Ugrian languages, Moscow, 1976.

7. V. Kel'makov, “Experience of creating a written language for the Komi-Yazvinians (A. L. Parshakova, Komi-Yazvin Primer. Educational edition, Perm Book publ. house, 2003. 135 p.)”, Linguistica Uralica, vol. XL, no. 2, pp. 135–147, 2004.

8. Materials on the study of the case system of the Komi-Yaz'va language. Compiled by A.S. Lobanova, Perm’, 2005.

9. V. V. Napol'skikh, “Introduction to historical Uralistics”, Izhevsk, 1997.

10. G. N. Chagin, “Komi-Yazvin Permyaks are ancient people of the Northern Urals”, Krasnovishersk; Solikamsk, 2002.

11. Yu. V. Normanskaya, “Is the Komi-Yaz'va a dialect of Komi-Permyak or a separate language?”, Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 628–641, 2020.

12. Komi-Permyak language. Introduction, phonetics, lexicon and morphology: textbook for universities, Kudymkar, 1962.

13. E. A. Tsypanov, “Komi-Permyak literary language”, Syktyvkar, 1999.

14. G. A. Nekrasova, “The category of noun case in Permian languages”, Syktyvkar, 2023.

15. Modern Komi language. Morphology, edited by G.V. Fedyuneva. Syktyvkar, 2000.

16. S. A. Maksimov, “About secondary spatial cases in the Udmurt language”, Problems of Udmurt and Finno-Ugric philology: Interuniversity collection of scientific works, Izhevsk, pp. 193–208, 1999.

17. N. M. Lyukina, “Phonetic and morphological peculiarities of the language of Lekminsky and Yundinsky Besermyans”, Izhevsk, 2016.

18. G. A. Nekrasova, “Changes in the case system of the Komi-Permyak language of the XIX-XX centuries (based on written sources)”, Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 7–16, 2016.

19. A. Kassian, G. Starostin, A. Dybo and V. Chernov, “The Swadesh wordlist. An attempt at semantic specification”, Journal of Language Relationship, no. 4, pp. 46–89, 2010.

20. S. A. Starostin, “Comparative-historical linguistics and lexicostatistics”, Linguistic reconstruction and ancient history of the East, P. 1, pp. 3–39, 1989.

21. V. I. Lytkin and E. S. Gulyaev, “Brief etymological dictionary of the Komi language”, Syktyvkar, 1999.

22. Udmurt-Russian dictionary, edited by L.E. Kirillova. Izhevsk, 2008.